He was genuinely proud of his medical and missionary station at Lambarene. for a specific application of Reverence for Life. His philosophy has made a difference and has led to the passage of laws and helping the cause of animal rights in the latter half of the twentieth century. Schweitzer's arrival at this decision was calculated, a step in a quest for a faith to live by. The English version, "J. S. Bach," is a two-volume translation of the German text, itself an entire reworking of the first version written in French. As a boy, Albert was frail in health but robust in intellect and talent. its creature comforts yet rejecting its complacent attitudes toward progress. For all his self-abnegation, Schweitzer had a bristly character, at least in his later years, a formidable sense of his own importance to Lambarene and a do-good paternalism toward Africans that smacked more of the 19th than the 20th century. In 1905, Widor and Schweitzer were among the six musicians who founded the Paris Bach Society, a choir dedicated to performing J. S. Bach's music, for whose concerts Schweitzer took the organ part regularly until 1913. Trensz conducted experiments showing that the non-amoebic strain of dysentery was caused by a paracholera vibrion (facultative anaerobic bacteria). Whatever Schweitzer's idiosyncrasies, he constructed a profound and enduring ethical system expressed in the principle Ehrfurcht vor dem Leben or Reverence of Life. too, failed, Schweitzer argued, hence the despairing cry, "My God, My God, why hast Thou forsaken Me? OPP!". Life becomes harder for us when we live for others, but it also becomes richer and happier. "Constant kindness can accomplish much. Rhena Schweitzer Miller, the only child of Nobel Prize-winning humanitarian Dr. Albert Schweitzer, who carried on his medical missionary work in Africa after his death in 1965, died Sunday. The soul is a burning desire to breathe in this world of light and never to lose it--to remain children of light.". "They are appropriate, therefore, to any world for in every world they raise the man who dares to meet their challenge, and does not turn them and twist them into meaninglessness, above his world (Revelation 22:20). . to school for a few hours every day and then going back to the fields. The maladies the Schweitzers treated were both horrific and deadly. The onset of famine and a dysentery epidemic created fresh problems. The keynote of Schweitzer's personal philosophy (which he considered to be his greatest contribution to mankind) was the idea of Reverence for Life ("Ehrfurcht vor dem Leben"). Among the neonatal deaths, 27% occurred on the first day of life, and 80% occurred during the first 10 days of life. He will end by destroying the earth. A Lutheran minister, Schweitzer challenged both the secular view of Jesus as depicted by the historical-critical method current at this time, as well as the . For example, John Gunther got a dressing-down from Schweitzer for writing that he resembled Buffalo Bill and also, perhaps, for implying that he did not know what was going on in nationalist Africa. If you love what you are doing, you will be successful. " Albert Schweitzer 32. In the Preface to Civilization and Ethics (1923) he argued that Western philosophy from Descartes to Kant had set out to explain the objective world expecting that humanity would be found to have a special meaning within it. ~ Albert Schweitzer. He died at 11:30 P.M. (6:30 P.M. New York time). The increase in heart disease deaths from the early 20th century . It's you, of yourself, of whom you must ask a lot. In The Quest, Schweitzer criticised the liberal view put forward by liberal and romantic scholars during the first quest for the historical Jesus. the United States and lectured on Goethe at a conference in Aspen, Colo. The soul is the sense of something higher than ourselves, something that stirs in us thoughts, hopes, and aspirations which go out to the world of goodness, truth and beauty. He also noted the lack of Africans trained to be skilled workers. ~ Albert Schweitzer. Albert Schweitzer 30. [18] He and Widor collaborated on a new edition of Bach's organ works, with detailed analysis of each work in three languages (English, French, German). [83] He was also a chevalier of the Military and Hospitaller Order of Saint Lazarus of Jerusalem. Though we cannot perfect the endeavour we should strive for it: the will-to-live constantly renews itself, for it is both an evolutionary necessity and a spiritual phenomenon. The comparison of NOAC-based DAT vs. vitamin . Until he extends his circle of compassion to include all living things, man will not himself find peace. Hailed as an outstanding world figure, Schweitzer was. From 1952 until his death Schweitzer worked against nuclear weapons together with Albert Einstein and Bertrand Russell. In 1900, with the completion of his licentiate in theology, he was ordained as curate, and that year he witnessed the Oberammergau Passion Play. for Life. A fost una dintre cele mai complexe i impresionante personaliti ale secolului XX. He was 90 years old. Some of his more ardent admirers insisted that he was a jungle saint, even a modern Christ. side by side! He studied organ in Mulhouse from 1885 to 1893 with Eugne Munch, organist at the Protestant cathedral, who inspired Schweitzer with his enthusiasm for the music of German composer Richard Wagner. "At times our own light goes out and is rekindled by a spark from . In 1955, he was made an honorary member of the Order of Merit (OM) by Queen Elizabeth II. "From whatever direction he is considered, Bach is, then, the last word in an artistic evolution which was prepared in the Middle Ages, freed and activated by the Reformation and arrives at its [11] Schweitzer served his one-year compulsory military service in 1894. As recognition for his many years of humanitarian work he was awarded the Nobel Peace Price in 1952 and in 1955, Queen Elizabeth II conferred on him Great Britain's highest civilian award, the Order of Merit. One of them, Gerald McKnight, wrote in his book "Verdiot on Schweitzer": "The temptation for Schweitzer to see Lambarene as a place cut off from the world, in which he can preserve "its original forms and so reject any theory of treatment or life other than his Attending the University of Strasbourg, he served as curate at St. Nicholas, gave Dives represented opulent Europe, and Lazarus, with his open sores, the sick and helpless of Africa. "In reality, that which is eternal in the words of Jesus is due to the very fact that they are based on an eschatological world-view, and contain the expression of a mind "[76][77], After the birth of their daughter (Rhena Schweitzer Miller), Albert's wife, Helene Schweitzer was no longer able to live in Lambarn due to her health. [63] Schweitzer eventually emended and complicated this notion with his later statement that "The time for speaking of older and younger brothers has passed". It resulted in a book, "Paul and He defended Jesus' mental health in it. Even so, Schweitzer found many instances in world religions and philosophies in which the principle was denied, not least in the European Middle Ages, and in the Indian Brahminic philosophy. Respect for life, overcoming coarser impulses and hollow doctrines, leads the individual to live in the service of other people and of every living creature. He locates Paul between the two extremes of primitive mysticism and developed mysticism. [13][14][15][16] He published his PhD thesis at the University of Tbingen in 1899. True to his pledge, Schweitzer turned from music and theology to service to others. [43] He summarizes Pauline mysticism as "being in Christ" rather than "being in God". " At that point in life where your talent meets the needs of the world, that is where God wants you to be. [91], The prize was first awarded on 29 May 2011 to Eugen Drewermann and the physician couple Rolf and Raphaela Maibach in Knigsfeld im Schwarzwald, where Schweitzer's former residence now houses the Albert Schweitzer Museum. For every person who committed an atrocity in Jesus' name, someone must step in to help in Jesus' name; for every person who robbed, someone must bring a replacement; for everyone who cursed, someone must bless. Scientific materialism (advanced by Herbert Spencer and Charles Darwin) portrayed an objective world process devoid of ethics, entirely an expression of the will-to-live. [53] In June 1912, he married Helene Bresslau, municipal inspector for orphans and daughter of the Jewish pan-Germanist historian Harry Bresslau.[54]. Drug advances for sleeping sickness included Germanin and tryparsamide[de; fi; it]. Schweitzer concluded his treatment of Jesus with what has been called the most famous words of twentieth-century theology: "He comes to us as One unknown, without a name, as of old, by the lake-side, He came to those men who knew him not. RM E0MKEE - Oct. 10, 1955 - Dr. Albert Schweitzer plays the festival hall organ. Once, for instance, he all but halted the station's work when he received a letter from a Norwegian child seeking a feather from Parsifal, his pet pelican. Albert Schweitzer - At times our own light goes out and is. During his return visits to his home village of Gunsbach, Schweitzer continued to make use of the family house, which after his death became an archive and museum to his life and work. He had little but contempt for the nationalist movement, for his attitudes were firmly grounded in During that year, his father, a Lutheran pastor, moved his wife and eldest son to Albert Schweitzer (1875 - 1965) was an Alsatian who dedicated his life to alleviating the suffering of Blacks in Africa, likely due to his Christian convictions. Another major difference between Paul's "realism" and Hellenistic "symbolism" is the exclusive nature of the former and the inclusive nature of the latter. His grave, on the banks of the Ogoou River, is marked by a cross he made himself. In recent years, many have taken him to task for decidedly paternalistic and racist descriptions of his African patients that would offend many a 21st century observer. Although thousands of Africans called him "le grand docteur," others plastered his village with signs, "Schweitzer, Go Home! During 1934 and 1935 he resided in Britain, delivering the Gifford Lectures at Edinburgh University, and those on Religion in Modern Civilization at Oxford and London. His life was portrayed in the 1952 movie Il est minuit, Docteur Schweitzer, starring Pierre Fresnay as Albert Schweitzer and Jeanne Moreau as his nurse Marie. ASF selects and supports nearly 250 new US and Africa Schweitzer Fellows each year from over 100 of the leading US schools of medicine, nursing, public health, and every other field with some relation to health (including music, law, and divinity). "A man is truly ethical only when he obeys the compulsion to help all life, which he is able to assist, and shrinks from injuring anything that lives . Many of his basic ideas have been adopted without having his name connected with them. Schweitzer considered his ethic of Reverence for Life, not his hospital, his most important legacy, saying that his Lambarn Hospital was just "my own improvisation on the theme of Reverence for Life. Darstellung und Kritik[51] [The psychiatric evaluation of Jesus. The Albert Schweitzer Page; Association Internationale Albert Schweitzer; Albert Schweitzer mzeum s archvum Gnsbach; Albert Schweitzer Fellowship; Readings on Reverence for Life; Bruderhof Peacemakers Guide profile on Albert Schweitzer; Page at the Nobel e-Museum Archivlva 2004. augusztus 15-i dtummal a Wayback Machine-ben [67] He summarized his views on European-African relations by saying "With regard to the negroes, then, I have coined the formula: 'I am your brother, it is true, but your elder brother. to the church to play Bach. With the new hospital built and the medical team established, Schweitzer returned to Europe in 1927, this time leaving a functioning hospital at work. were quite familiar with the businesslike and sometimes grumpy and brusque Schweitzer in a solar hat who hurried along the construction of a building by gingering up the native craftsmen with a sharp: "Allez-vous OPP! To me, Dr. Schweitzer is the one truly great individuals our modern times have produced. In 1905, he published a study of Bach in French . life. Paul stands high above primitive mysticism, due to his intellectual writings, but never speaks of being one with God or being in God. The society, wary of Schweitzer's unorthodox religious views, had "In your commitment to truth and service," the President cabled, "you have touched and deepened the live of millions you have never met. [17], In 1905, Schweitzer began his study of medicine at the University of Strasbourg, culminating in the degree of M.D. This book, which established his reputation, was first published in English in 1910 as The Quest of the Historical Jesus. Schweitzer also wrote the book, The Animal World of Albert Schweitzer, a collection of Schweitzer's writings about the application of ethics to the animal kingdom. of the world and life? It was about 200 miles away from the mouth of the Ogoou River at Port Gentil (now Cape Lopez). [8], Schweitzer's first language was the Alsatian dialect of German. Preface: Albert Schweitzer, a European scholar and musician, dedicated fifty years of his life to the hospital he had built to ease the suffering of an, at that time, primitive African people. Edward Albert Heimberger, famously known by his stage name Eddie Albert, was one actor and activist who . Today, the hospital [1] He was made an honorary member of the British Order of Merit in 1955. Preventable medical mistakes are the third leading cause of death in the U.S after heart disease and cancer. Franco-German yet cosmopolitan in culture, he drew deeply from the music and philosophy of the 18th century, especially Bach, Goethe and Kant. Schweitzer was one of colonialism's harshest critics. of self-unfolding of the idea in which it creates its own opposite in order to overcome it, and so on and on until it finally returns to itself, having meanwhile traversed the whole of existence.". for his altruism, reverence for life, and tireless humanitarian work which has helped making the idea of brotherhood between men and nations a living one (English) [22] Schweitzer's interpretative approach greatly influenced the modern understanding of Bach's music. Schweitzer claims that this form of mysticism is more intellectual and can be found "among the Brahmans and in the Buddha, in Platonism, in Stoicism, in Spinoza, Schopenhauer, and Hegel".[42]. [90] Stamos noted that Schweitzer held the view that evolution ingrained humans with an instinct for meat so it was useless in trying to deny it. "The Teaching of Reverence for Life". He commands. And the Christianity of our states is blasphemed and made a mockery before those poor people. From the first, when Schweitzer's hospital was a broken-down hen coop, natives flocked by foot, by improvised stretcher, by dugout canoe to Lambarene for medical attention. Schweitzer came to French Equatorial Africa as a tall, handsome, broadly powerful young man with a shock of rich, black hair, an enormous mustache and a look of piercing determination in his bold eyes. But determination to make his life an "argument" Here is all you want to know, and more! Albert Schweitzer, the son of an Evangelical Lutheran minister, was born on . Schweitzer wrote, "True philosophy must start from the most immediate and comprehensive fact of consciousness, and this may be formulated as follows: 'I am life which wills to live, and I exist in the midst of life which wills to live. If all this oppression and all this sin and shame are perpetrated under the eye of the German God, or the American God, or the British God, and if our states do not feel obliged first to lay aside their claim to be 'Christian'then the name of Jesus is blasphemed and made a mockery. cit., Philips ABL 3134, issued September 1956. [12] In 1899, Schweitzer spent the summer semester at the University of Berlin and eventually obtained his theology degree at the University of Strasbourg. ", Called upon to be specific about Reverence for Life, he explained that the concept "does not allow the scholar to live for science alone, even if he is very useful to the community in so doing.". Actually, Schweitzer preferred (and planned) it in this fashion on the ground that the natives would shun an elaborate, shiny and impersonal institution. he had worked as an artisan in constructing many of its buildings; and, although the station was many times beset by adversities that would have discouraged a less dedicated man, it had grown at Schweitzer's view that "simple people need simple healing methods," however it might have outraged medical sophisticates, won for Lambarene a tremendous measure of native confidence. Her father, Charles Schweitzer, was the older brother of Albert Schweitzer's father, Louis Thophile. Agriculture, not science or industrialization, is their greatest need. After retiring as a practicing doctor, Albert Schweitzer continued to oversee the hospital until his death at the age of 90. Jesus, Schweitzer contended, believed himself the Messiah who would rule in a new kingdom of God when Medical mistakes claim about 400,000 people every year in U.S. be cited than the fact--regarded locally as something of a miracle--of his own survival.". years to science and art and then devote himself to the service of suffering humanity. As a music scholar and organist, he studied the music of German composer Johann Sebastian Bach and influenced the Organ Reform Movement (Orgelbewegung). He also set in motion important ideas concerning our ethical treatment of animals . He was German and French and is known for his charitable work including opening a hospital in Africa. That said, Dr. Schweitzer did devote more than half a century to practicing medicine in a remote location where few of his colleagues would dare to visit and for people who desperately needed medical care. [55] In early 1913, he and his wife set off to establish a hospital (the Hpital Albert Schweitzer) near an existing mission post. I can do no other than to have compassion for all that is called life. He goes quietly, in peace and dignity. [7] The medieval parish church of Gunsbach was shared by the Protestant and Catholic congregations, which held their prayers in different areas at different times on Sundays. Albert was born in 1875 in Kaysersberg (Alsace-Lorraine), Germany, (now Haut-Rhin, France), only two months after Germany annexed that province from France, as a result of winning the Franco-Prussian war. Albert Schweitzer (n. 14 ianuarie 1875, Kaysersberg, Alsacia - d. 4 septembrie 1965, Lambarn, Gabon) a fost un medic misionar, teolog protestant, muzician i filozof german . He was buried at his hospital, later named Albert Schweitzer Hospital. Dr. Howard Markel. By extreme application and hard work, he completed his studies successfully at the end of 1911. It is conceivably the only formal philosophical concept ever to spring to life amid Philosopher and musician Dr. Albert Schweitzer, sitting at his desk in a London restaurant, around 1955. An ethical human strives to escape from this contradiction so far as possible. Starting from its principle, founded on world and life denial, of abstention from action, ancient Indian thought and this is a period when in other respects ethics have not progressed very far reaches the tremendous discovery that ethics know no bounds. Widor, deeply impressed, agreed to teach Schweitzer without fee, and a great and influential friendship thus began. Schweitzer maintained that the life of Jesus must be interpreted in the light of Jesus' own convictions, which reflected late Jewish eschatology and apocalypticism. A Lutheran minister, Schweitzer challenged both the secular view of Jesus as depicted by the historical-critical method current at this time, as well as the traditional Christian view. Instead, he conceives of sonship to God as "mediated and effected by means of the mystical union with Christ". Albert Schweitzer. Ludwig Philipp Albert Schweitzer OM (German: [albt vats] (listen); 14 January 1875 4 September 1965) was an Alsatian polymath. "No doubt a wish to have absolute dominion over his hospital drove him to this course, linked with the inner purpose which had brought him to Africa, but it was nonetheless heroic. But after a century spent healing the sick, the hospital has spent the past . Dr. Further on ahimsa and the reverence for life in the same book, he elaborates on the ancient Indian didactic work of the Tirukkural, which he observed that, like the Buddha and the Bhagavad Gita, "stands for the commandment not to kill and not to damage". Schweitzer's probing conception of Bach created a sensation in its time, and it still remains a classic study, not only for the detailed instructions it provides for the playing of Bach but also for its challenging esthetic. Schweitzer unabashedly emphasizes the fact that "Paul's thought follows predestinarian lines". A scholar herself, she became a trained nurse in order to share her husband's life in Africa. Happiness is the key to success. 8 Department of Cardiology II -Electrophysiology; University of Mnster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebude A1, D-48149 Mnster, Germany. Three years after the end of World War II, in 1948, he returned for the first time to Europe and kept travelling back and forth (and once to the US) as long as he was able. Albert Schweitzer made notable organ recordings of Bach's music in the 1940s and 1950s. Bach, he said, was chiefly a church composer. As the sun makes ice melt, kindness causes misunderstanding, mistrust, and hostility to evaporate." ~ Albert Schweitzer. There was a further period of work in 1935. Schweitzer was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize of 1952,[79] accepting the prize with the speech, "The Problem of Peace". The University of Tubingen published the dissertation that resulted in 1899. ". Oh, this 'noble' culture of ours! At the same time he gave organ concerts, delivered lectures and wrote books about theology. " Albert Schweitzer 31. Birthplace: Kaysersberg, Germany Location of death: Lambarn, Gabon Cause of death: Natural Causes Remains: Buried, Albert. He received his M.D. Basketball, Argument, Life Is. Though he took theology at university, studying at the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Universitt in Strasbourg and at the Sorbonne in Paris before publishing his PhD thesis - on The Religious Philosophy of Kant - at the University of Tbingen in 1899, he first found acclaim as a scholar of music. Please check your inbox to confirm. Schweitzer saw many operas of Richard Wagner in Strasbourg (under Otto Lohse) and in 1896 he managed to afford a visit to the Bayreuth Festival to see Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen and Parsifal, both of which impressed him. He was a theologian, organist, musicologist, writer, humanitarian, philosopher, and physician. chief force of the famous hospital at Lambarene, in Gabon, the former French Equatorial Africa. Scholfield found a time of 11:06am (no source given) in "In aller Welt . His medical dissertation was titled, The Psychiatric Study of Jesus.. His name and legacy continue to live on around the world. There he studied theology, philology, and the theory of music. [80] With the $33,000 prize money, he started the leprosarium at Lambarn. . In this respect, he was undoubtedly made more of by cultists than he was willing to make of himself, although he was by no means a man with a weak ego. [89] In contrast to this, historian David N. Stamos has written that Schweitzer was not a vegetarian in his personal life nor imposed it on his missionary hospital but he did help animals and was opposed to hunting. barred him from preaching at the station, but agreed to accept his medical skills. LAMBARENE, GABON, Sept. 5--Albert Schweitzer died last night in his jungle hospital here. Thousands flocked there, and thousands responded to Schweitzer's Online Kentucky Death Indexes, Death Certificates and Vital Records Indexes. "Anyone can rescue his human life," he once said, "who seizes every opportunity of being a man by means of personal action, however unpretending, [41], On the other hand, a more developed form of mysticism can be found in the Greek mystery-cults that were popular in first-century A.D. society. Albert Schweitzer Occupation: Doctor Place Of Birth: France Date Of Birth: January14, 1875 Date Of Death: September 4, 1965 Cause Of Death: N/A Ethnicity: White Nationality: French Albert Schweitzer was born on the 14th of January, 1875. award rationale. The Remarkable Life of Albert Schweitzer Albert Schweitzer was a complex, astonishing, and multifaceted man. He summarized it once by saying: "A man is ethical only when life, as such, is sacred to him, that of plants and animals as that of his fellow men, and when he devotes himself helpfully to all life that is in need of help. There was great demand for a German edition, but, instead of translating it, he decided to rewrite it. Although several attempts have been made to restore and re-air the film, all access has been denied.[82].
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