This is a list of countries, nations, and states governed or ruled by a dictatorship, is sorted alphabetically and contains some information about each nation, such as the capital, and even the official language or currency of the country. Many of these governments fell under the control of caudillos, or personalist dictators. Duterte is the perfect example of a . Also, dictatorships . Personalist dictatorships are more common in Sub-Saharan Africa due to less established institutions in the region. A dictatorship is a form of government which is characterized by a leader, or a group of leaders, which holds governmental powers with few to no limitations on them. The Modern World's Dictatorship Countries African Dictators A Global View of Dictators Is China a dictatorship? Are there left-wing dictators? - Quora Parliamentary democracy is the same as semi-presidential but has heads of state which are not popularly elected for a fixed term, typically either monarchs or officials not chosen by popular elections. US Provides Military Assistance to 73 Percent of World's Dictatorships List Of Dictatorship Countries? - The Divine Writer Despite repeated promises to leave office in 2024 (when his term limit is reached), Putin spearheaded a 2020 constitutional amendment enabling him to remain in power until 2036. Answer (1 of 9): Depends on what you mean by left-wing. Military dictatorship | Military Wiki | Fandom the dictatorship of the proletariat had to be preserved in the socialist countries to assure that the reeducated minds of the workers already lucky enough to live under socialism were not re-infected by capitalist ideas coming in from outside the people's collectivist . Dictatorship: Its Types and Reasons | by Old Times - Medium A personalist dictator will manage these appointees by segmenting the government so that they cannot collaborate. [97], The Middle East was decolonized during the Cold War, and many nationalist movements gained strength post-independence. Other factors associated with military coups include extensive natural resources, limited use of the military internationally, and use of the military as an oppressive force domestically. The economic focus of a dictatorship often depends on the strength of the opposition, as a weaker opposition allows a dictator to extract additional wealth from the economy through corruption.[125]. In Germany, the head of state is elected by regional legislatures and not popularly elected. [1], The dictator exercises broad power over the government and society, but other individuals are necessary to carry out the dictator's rule. The first distinction made is whether a country has a government has legislative responsibility, i.e. Democracy is broadly understood to mean 'rule by the people'. 5. An autocracy, monarchy, and dictatorship. The required majority needed to remove the sitting government varies between countries but is termed a vote of no confidence. A dictator that has concentrated significant power is more likely to be exiled, imprisoned, or killed after ouster, and accordingly they are more likely to refuse negotiation and cling to power. 10 Worst Dictators In Power Today - WhatCulture.com Some of the multi-party states with governing communist parties include Brazil, Nepal, India, and Russia. Factions or divisions among the elites will mitigate their ability to bargain with the dictator, resulting in the dictator having more unrestrained power. Modern Dictatorships Between 1919 and 1939 there was a great reaction against democracy and dictatorship was established in many countries of the world. List of Cons of Dictatorships. Perhaps someday some of these modern dictatorships will cast off their dictators and embrace a more democratic and inclusive form of government. After the recent death of Idriss Deby in April 2021, his son Mahamat Deby took over. 1. Hybrid dictatorships blend elements of the other four types. Adolf Hitler - WORST DICTATOR. [147] The use of violence by a dictator is frequently most severe during the first few years of a dictatorship, because the regime has not yet solidified its rule and more detailed information for targeted coercion is not yet available. Charles Taylor Country: Liberia Charles McArthur Ghanakay Taylor's life story is akin to that of a movie. The name a democracy gives itself or its office does not indicate what type of democracy it is. Infiltration involves disseminating individuals loyal to the dictatorship and its ideals across civil society and local community elites. Fidel Castro was one of the most iconic latin american dictators, who lived in the 20th century. Since the Korean War, North Korea has been ruled by a series of autocratic leaders. [38] Due to the lack of accountability and the smaller group of elites, personalist dictatorships are more prone to corruption than other forms of dictatorship,[39] and they are more repressive than other forms of dictatorship. Repression is the accumulation of state behaviors that target actors who challenge beliefs, institutions, and actions of the dictatorship. Democracies can be either parliamentary, semi-presidential, or presidential and dictatorships can be civilian, military, or royal. Democracy and Dictatorship: Conceptualization and Measurement", "Democracy and Dictatorship: Conceptualization and Measurement", Divergent Incentives for Dictators: Domestic Institutions and (International Promises Not to) Torture, "Cooperation, Cooptation, and Rebellion Under Dictatorships", "How Foreign Aid Can Foster Democratization in Authoritarian Regimes", "Tyrants and Terrorism: Why Some Autocrats are Terrorized While Others are Not", "Dictatorship: Modern Tyranny Between Leviathan and Behemoth (Version 2.0) (english version)", 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198716204.001.0001, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dictatorship&oldid=1142733963, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using sidebar with the child parameter, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. scholarly analysis of Mussolini, Hitler, Stalin and Mao, as well as Kim Il-sung of North Korea; Franois Duvalier, or Papa Doc, of Haiti; Nicolae Ceauescu of Romania; and Mengistu Haile Mariam of Ethiopia. [89] Military coups were also a common occurrence after decolonisation, with 14 African countries experiencing at least three successful military coups between 1959 and 2001. The head of state may be unelected and still be classified as a democracy. [140] Elections are also used to control elites within the dictatorship by requiring them to compete with one another and incentivizing them to build support with the populace, allowing the most popular and most competent elites to be promoted in the regime. In some circumstances, monarchies are also considered dictatorships if the monarchs hold a significant amount of political power. Political culture: 5.00. Dictatorships that fail to repress the opposition are susceptible to collapse through a coup or a revolution. One person holds all of the country's power. They differ from other forms of dictatorships in that the dictator has greater access to key political positions and the government's treasury, and they are more commonly subject to the discretion of the dictator. [105] To maintain power, Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet organized Operation Condor with other South American dictators to facilitate cooperation between their respective intelligence agencies and secret police organizations. [88] European fascism was imported to Latin America as well, and the Vargas Era of Brazil was heavily influenced by the corporatism practiced in fascist Italy. [34] When a one-party dictatorship develops gradually through legal means, in can result in conflict between the party organization and the state apparatus and civil service, as the party rules in parallel and increasingly appoints its own members to positions of power. W; Alphabetical list of countries; Alphabetical list of countries. [11][12] He describes totalitarian regimes as exercising control over politics and political mobilization rather than merely suppressing it. 14 most cruel dictators who almost destroyed Humankind - World-Wire Uganda. The DD index first classifies the regimes into two types: democracies and dictatorships. There are many countries that can be considered dictatorships, including North Korea, Cuba, and Venezuela. There must be more than one party competing in the elections. [73] During World War II, Italy and Germany occupied several countries in Europe, imposing fascist puppet states upon many of the countries that they invaded. Though the most recent data set is only updated for 2008, there is planning by Cheibub to update it to the . Olessia Kirtchik, Mariana Heredia, in International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition), 2015. There's no room for opposition or . As you can see, fascism was at its highest popularity during the 1930's. 1. Some have been in power for decades, such as President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo of Equatorial New Guinea. Monarchies: 3. [101] Albania was established as a communist dictatorship under Enver Hoxha in 1944. Dictatorship Countries 2023 - worldpopulationreview.com The earliest military dictatorships developed in the post-classical era, particularly in Shogun-era Japan and in England under Cromwell. [35][36] These dictatorships often emerge either from loosely organized seizures of power, giving the leader opportunity to consolidate power, or from democratically elected leaders in countries with weak institutions, giving the leader opportunity to change the constitution. The Portuguese were present in some mostly coastal points of the territory of what is now Angola from the 16th century, interacting in diverse ways with the peoples who lived there. Russia is a federal semi-presidential republic and an oligarchy. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. [4] Though the most recent data set is only updated for 2008, there is planning by Cheibub to update it to the present year. Therefore, it is impossible to know if the regime is a democracy or a dictatorship, so DD Index considers them dictatorships until an alternation in power occurs. He assumed office in August 1979 and has remained in power since then. Benito Mussolini was the first generally recognised fascist leader. [44] As a result of authoritarian politics, a series of major issues may ensue. Many personalist regimes will install open ballots to protect their regimes and implement heavy security measures and censorship for those whose personal preferences do not align with the values of the leader. The DD dataset covers the annual data points of 199 countries from 1946 (or date of independence) to 2008. 8. [57] The rule of a dictator was not necessarily considered tyrannical in Ancient Rome, though it has been described in some accounts as a "temporary tyranny" or an "elective tyranny". The terms "autocrat" and "autocracy" are often used interchangeably with "dictator" and "dictatorship". While Latin America, Asia, and Africa were already dictatorship countries, they differed from the dictatorships formed in what became known as the Eastern Bloc. [5] This is particularly true when the inner circle is made up of military officers that have the resources to carry out a military coup. Communist dictatorships in the region aligned with China following the latter's establishment as a communist state. [40] Personalist dictatorships often collapse with the death of the dictator. [60] During the L dynasty of Vietnam between the 16th and 18th centuries, the country was under de facto military rule by two rival military families: the Trnh lords in the north and the Nguyn lords in the south. When the war ended, these countries were incorporated into the Soviet sphere of influence, and the Soviet Union exercised control over their governments. What Countries Have a Totalitarian Government Today? - Reference.com Dictatorships suffer from an obvious and significant imbalance of power. This does not indicate cases of semi-democracy or semi-dictatorship. Military dictatorship: 2. The methodology is derived from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, regardless of geopolitical, geographic, ethnic or religious considerations. The exclave province of Cabinda has borders with the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. [6], The opposition to a dictatorship represents all of the factions that are not part of the dictatorship and anyone that does not support the regime. Skyline of Downtown Dubai with Burj Khalifa from a Helicopter. What is a Dictatorship? Definition, Feature & Characteristics [91], The Chinese Civil War ended in 1949, splitting the Republic of China under Chiang Kai-shek and the People's Republic of China under Mao Zedong. Parties formed after the seizure of power often have little influence and only exist to serve the dictator. 1. [100] Josip Broz Tito declared a communist government in Yugoslavia during World War II, which was initially aligned with the Soviet Union. Top 10 Worst Dictators In The World In 2023 - TopTen Famous [4] A unified inner circle has the capacity to overthrow a dictator, and the dictator must make greater concessions to the inner circle to stay in power. The territory of today's Algeria was the home of many prehistoric cultures, including Aterian and Capsian and the, Angola, officially the Republic of Angola, is a country in Southern Africa. [87] Populist movements were strengthened following the economic turmoil of the Great Depression, producing populist dictatorships in several Latin American countries. Many are noted for their cruelty, while others are honored as national heroes. The list of Dictatorship countries in Africa includes Nigeria and Zaire. An appropriate example of this occurred in 2020 when Russian president Vladimir Putin and his party introduced amendments to the country's constitution that reworked term limits, enabling Putin to remain in power until 2036. [25], One-party dictatorships are governments in which a single political party dominates politics. Venezuela has a presidential government. The chief executive can take many names including chancellor, prime minister, or premier and the heads of the executive departments can bear different names and be called different things. Today, there are only five communist states, some of which are struggling to hold on to communism. List of Famous Dictators - Biographies, Timelines, Trivia & Life History Political system - Dictatorship | Britannica [2] The inner circle's support is necessary for a dictator's orders to be carried out, causing elites to serve as a check on the dictator's power. [86] After a brief period of democratization, Latin America underwent a rapid transition toward dictatorship in the 1930s. They are often unstable, and the average duration of a military dictatorship is only five years, but they are often followed by additional military coups and military dictatorships. When necessary, a dictator may also make an effort to replace or amend the nation's constitution to empower, enrich, or otherwise benefit the dictator and his/her allies to a greater degree. Through the ages, Algeria, officially People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast. Adolf Hitler: 14 most cruel dictators Benito Mussolini: 14 most cruel dictators Vladimir Lenin (1870-1924): 14 most cruel dictators Joseph Stalin: 14 most cruel dictators Mao Zedong or Mao or Mao Tse Tung: 14 most cruel dictators Muammar Gaddafi: 14 most cruel dictators Idi Amin (1920-2003): 14 most cruel dictators * Venezuela - Nicolas Maduro * Mauritania - Mohamed Ould Abdulaziz * Algeria - Abdelaziz Bouteflika * Tunisia - Beji Caid Essebesi * Chad - Idriss Deby * Sudan - Omar al-Bashir * Cameroon - Paul Biy. Laos (since 1975) ( 1, 2, 3) 5 Paul Kagame, the 60-year-old President of Rwanda, has been in power since 1994 when his rebel army ended the genocide which had killed 800,000 people. Today, they are "elected," as true democracies helplessly look on . 10 African countries That are currently ruled by dictators. The 20th century saw the rise of fascist and communist dictatorships in Europe; fascism was eradicated in the aftermath of World War II in 1945, while communism spread to other continents, maintaining prominence until the end of the Cold War in 1991. [119][120][121][122], Most dictatorships exist in countries with high levels of poverty. Single-party dictatorships: 5. Totalitarian Countries 2023 - worldpopulationreview.com In their book "Dictators and Dictatorships: Understanding Authoritarian Regimes and Their Leaders", authors Natasha M. Ezrow and Erica Frantz lay out five types of dictatorships: Power is obtained and maintained through military might. The fascist dictatorship of Benito Mussolini in Italy , from 1943 to 1945. - Quora Answer (1 of 66): I will give the country names as well as who the dictator is. The table below offers a full list of which countries are what type of democracy. Latin America's new generation of dictators. If the head of state serves for life or is not popularly elected or a fixed term, then the democracy is parliamentary.[1]. [123] The form of government does not correlate with the amount of economic growth, and dictatorships on average grow at the same rate as democracies, though dictatorships have been found to have larger fluctuations. [118] Generally, two research approaches exist: the minimalist approach, which focuses on whether a country has continued elections that are competitive, and the substantive approach, which expands the concept of democracy to include human rights, freedom of the press, and the rule of law. China's constitution calls its government a "people's democratic dictatorship." On a similar note, a dictatorship's regular citizens have no voice in most matters. [126] For dictatorships, societal compliance is necessary for the ruling entity to maintain its desired order, laws, revenue, and policies. [citation needed]The typical military dictatorship in Latin America was ruled by a junta (derived from a Spanish word . Whether or not Putin is a dictator is a matter of some debate. and "Which country has a dictatorship as its form of leadership?" Examples include the Personalist/Military dictatorship of Pakistan from 1977 to 1988 and the Single-Party/Military hybrid that controlled El Salvador from 1948 to 1984. [145] Opposition parties in dictatorships may be restricted by preventing them from campaigning, banning more popular opposition parties, preventing opposition members from forming a party, or requiring that candidates be a member of the ruling party. [126] Some of the most ruthless examples of repression in recent history were repression by hunger. Over the course of almost 20 years, he ruled Chile with an iron fist, ordering the deaths of thousands of suspected . Those who believe that he is a dictator argue that he imprisons his opponents, removed freedom of speechthe press can only publish what he allows them toand has restructured the government to give himself more and longer-lasting power. North Korea is one of the clearest examples of a totalitarian government. Like most dictators, they also often employ secret police and violence to silence critics. For democracies, it categorizes them into three types: parliamentary, semi-presidential and presidential democracies. Many dictatorships are also characterized by corruption, nepotism, and a cult of personality around the leader. This is a list of famous examples of fascism across history. This violence is frequently exercised through institutions such as military or police forces. Latin America's new generation of dictators - DW - 01/12/2022 [76][77] The Russian Revolution inspired a wave of left-wing revolutionary movements in Europe between 1917 and 1923, but none saw the same level of success. Single-party dictatorships were most common during the Cold War, with dominant-party dictatorships becoming more common after the fall of the Soviet Union. Dictatorships in the Middle East and Northern Africa are either illiberal republics in which a president holds power through unfair elections, or they are absolute monarchies in which power is inherited. ", "Dictators and Their Followers: A Theory of Dictatorship", "The many Robespierres from 1794 to the present", "A Family of Political Concepts: Tyranny, Despotism, Bonapartism, Caesarism, Dictatorship, 1750-1917", "The Age of the Caudillos: A Chapter in Hispanic American History", "Europe Will be a Fascist Europe: July 1934May 1936", "African military coups d'tat, 19562001: frequency, trends and distribution", "From Protest to Change of Regime: The 419 Revolt and The Fall of the Rhee Regime in South Korea*", "The waning of the military coup in Arab politics", "Introduction: Studying Communist Dictatorships: From Comparative to Transnational History", "Military Coups and Military Rule in Latin America", "Cuba: The United States and Batista, 1952-58", "The Predicament of Europe's 'Last Dictator', "The Kremlin Emboldened: How Putin Wins Support", "The Resistible Rise of Vladimir Putin: Russia's Nightmare Dressed Like a Daydream", "Biden suggests Putin is a 'dictator' who has committed 'genocide half a world away', "EIU Democracy Index 2020 - World Democracy Report", "5. At the onset of the so-called "third wave" of democracy in 1978, the only democratic regimes were Costa Rica, Colombia and Venezuela. Like the two individuals above, Imelda Marcos gained her power through being the wife of a military dictator. The leader of a dictatorship is called a dictator. Nazi and fascist regimes in Europe, Communist single-party states, military juntas in Latin America and . [92] Deng Xiaoping took power as the de facto leader of China after Mao's death and implemented reforms to restore stability following the Cultural Revolution and reestablish free market economics. [47] Personalist dictatorships also experience growth differently, as they often lack the institutions or qualified leadership to sustain an economy. As the Cold War went on, the Soviet Union increased its influence in Africa, and MarxistLeninist dictatorships developed in several African countries. They are not even defined terms of art within political science. Far-left and far-right dictatorships used similar methods to maintain power, including cult of personality, concentration camps, forced labour, mass murder, and genocide. He responded by ordering the confiscation of food, impossible farming yield quotas, banning private farming for substenance, and introducing internal passports and residency permits, which prevented villagers from seeking food elsewhere. Semi-competitive elections also have the effect of incentivizing members of the ruling party to provide better treatment of citizens so they will be chosen as party nominees due to their popularity.